Why Your A1C Isn’t Improving (Even When You’re Doing Everything Right)

If you’ve been checking your blood sugars, taking your medications, and trying to eat healthier but your A1C still isn’t budging, you’re not alone.

Many people with diabetes feel frustrated, confused, or even discouraged when their hard work doesn’t translate into better numbers. The truth is, A1C levels can remain elevated for reasons that aren’t always obvious.

Let’s break down some of the most common causes.

Understanding What Your A1c Really Measures

Your A1C reflects your average blood glucose over the past 2–3 months. It doesn’t just capture your “good days” or fasting numbers. An A1c includes:

  • Post-meal spikes

  • Overnight blood sugar patterns

  • Variability you may not see with fingersticks

This means your daily readings can look “okay,” yet your A1C may still run high.

Hidden Blood Sugar Spikes

Even when fasting numbers are controlled, blood sugar may be rising:

  • After meals

  • Late at night

  • Early morning (dawn phenomenon)

Without checking post-meal blood sugars or reviewing continuous glucose monitor (CGM) data, these spikes often go unnoticed. Consider checking blood sugar 1–2 hours after meals or using CGM trend data.

Timing Issues with Medications

Medication effectiveness depends heavily on when and how it’s taken. Some examples of this may include:

  • Taking rapid acting insulin too late

  • Missing doses of your medication

  • Inconsistent timing

  • Incorrect basal (long acting) insulin dosing

Carbohydrate Patterns (Not just the amount)

You may be eating reasonable carb portions but still experience carb clustering at certain meals, late-night snacking, hidden sugars, or large glycemic variability. Blood sugar control is about timing, quality, and consistency, not just restriction.

Stress and Sleep

Stress hormones (like cortisol) can raise blood sugar even without dietary changes. Poor sleep can contribute to some of the following:

  • Increased insulin resistance

  • Elevated fasting blood sugar

  • Appetite irregularities

Injection Technique Problems

For patients using insulin:

  • Rotating injection sites incorectly

  • Injecting into an area of lipohypertrophy

  • Reusing insulin needles

  • Injecting insulin at the incorrect depth

These issues can significantly reduce insulin absorption.

Blood Sugar Variability

Wide swings between highs and lows may raise A1C despite “average” readings that appear acceptable. A highly variable blood sugar increases risk of complications, frustration, and increases the likelihood of treatment instability.

Your Treatment Plan May Need Adjustment

Diabetes is dynamic. Over time insulin resistance may change, beta-cell function may decline, or lifestyle factors may shift. What worked last year may not work today.

What You Can Do Next

If your A1c isn't improving:

  • Review your blood sugar patterns

  • Evaluate the time that you’re taking your medications daily

  • Verify with your healthcare provider or pharmacist that you are taking the correct dose of medication

  • Check your injection technique

  • Address sleep & stress

  • Consider a consultation for comprehensive evaluation of your individual experience with diabetes

Most importantly: never assume you’ve “failed.” An elevated A1C is a signal, not a verdict.

How We Help

At NextGen Diabetes Care, we work closely with patients to:

  • Identify hidden glucose patterns

  • Optimize medication regimens

  • Interpret CGM data

  • Personalize nutrition strategies

  • Reduce blood sugar variability

  • Improve long-term outcomes

If your A1C feels stuck, we’re here to help you move forward. Schedule your consultation today!

Next
Next

Winter Wellness: Preparing for December.  Tips for Diabetes Care in Colder Months